Minimum length of service for assigning an insurance pension. Minimum length of service for calculating a labor pension in Russia

Russian legislation provides for lifelong payment of labor pensions to citizens of the Russian Federation who have officially worked for some time.

This article will help you find answers to the following questions:

• what is experience?
• what types exist;
• how long is the minimum period of official employment of citizens (women and men) to obtain the right to establish a labor pension;
• what will happen if the required experience is not achieved, and so on.

What it is

Work experience is the period of official work activity of a person. It has several types provided for by Russian legislation:

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In 2015, the country's pension system was reformed, after which the insurance type of service played a fundamental role.

They all differ in meaning and rules for their reflection in the employee’s work book. This document is the main one when taking into account a citizen’s length of service - all these periods are entered there.

Let's consider the legal meaning of each type:

1. The total length of service is used when an old-age pension is awarded, when a citizen is recognized as disabled, and in the event of the death of the breadwinner. In some cases established by the Laws of the Russian Federation, its presence is required when registering payments for length of service and preferential accruals for old age of a citizen.
2. Taking into account special length of service, an old-age pension is assigned if the citizen worked under hazardous working conditions or in the Far North. The amount of annual payment for length of service or an additional bonus to the employee’s salary in the form of interest depends on the amount of this time. This includes miners, logging workers and other workers in areas hazardous to life and health.
3. The insurance period is a prerequisite for establishing a citizen's old-age pension. It must be at least five years! It also determines the pensioner’s IC (individual coefficient), which affects the size of his pension.
4. Based on the length of continuous service, the amount of unemployment benefits is calculated if the citizen registers, salary supplements and remuneration based on annual results.

What is included in general work experience?

The following periods of citizen activity are recorded here:

• undergoing training at universities;
• maternity leave;
• caring for a child until he reaches the age of one and a half years. If there are several children, this time is multiplied by their number. For example, three children are cared for. The length of service will be 4.5 years;
• the time while a person is registered as unemployed and officially recognized as such;
• the period when a person serves in the army and other Russian Federation and other law enforcement agencies;
• sick leave or main leave;
• caring for an elderly person. Two conditions: he must be disabled and reach the age of 80;
• others specified in Federal Law No. 173 (Article 11).

Under special working conditions

There are four classes of working conditions:

• optimal conditions where all requirements are maintained;
• acceptable - they are on the verge of established standards;
• hazardous working conditions, where there is a risk of adverse effects on the health of the employee (or his future children);
• extreme conditions – a high risk of occupational injuries and diseases that can lead to temporary disability.

Workers of the last two classes are entitled to cash payments in the form of compensation (for example, for subsequent medical treatment) or benefits.

Changes in working conditions can only occur by appropriate order:

It stipulates bonuses, additional vacations (they will also be included in the length of service), and so on.

Citizens working in special conditions are required to work the following amount of time to receive a pension:

• 10 years for men and 7.5 years for women working underground, in places with unhealthy conditions, in hot shops. Insurance experience is 20 and 15 years, respectively;
• difficult working conditions:

They are given an old-age labor pension and the standard retirement age for everyone is reduced. One year for every 2.5 years worked – for men. For women - every 2 years. To do this, you need to work at least half of the period established by the Laws of the Russian Federation and have the required insurance period.

What is the minimum length of service for retirement?

The minimum length of service for establishing pensions in 2020 is 9 years, in accordance with the Labor Code of Russia. Every year this period will increase by 1 year and stop at around 15.

The Pension Fund (PFR) has introduced points; the minimum number for retirement should be 13.8. Every year their minimum will increase by 2.4 and stop when it reaches 30. Voluntary contributions to the Pension Fund are also taken into account.

Among women

To retire, a working citizen of the Russian Federation must accumulate 9 years of work experience and receive 13.8 points from the Russian Pension Fund. This must be done until she reaches 55 years of age.

In men

An officially employed citizen must work the same length of service and receive the same number of Pension Fund points until he reaches the age of 60 years. Both experience and scores do not change depending on gender - only age remains different.

If his length of service

If persons do not have the required length of service to establish a pension, but reach retirement age, then men and women (65 and 60 years old, respectively) are assigned minimum payments in the form of social security (minimum pension).

Such citizens can accumulate the required eight years and points, which will give them the right to receive an old-age labor pension from the state.

The amount of the minimum payment is equal to the cost of living of a particular region of the Russian Federation.

Experience is the time during which citizens were engaged in official labor activities. It has several types provided for by Russian legislation, and each of them has a certain legal meaning.

The minimum length of service is the period of a person's work that allows a citizen (a 60-year-old man or a 55-year-old woman) to have the right to a labor pension.

This year it is 9 years old and does not depend on gender. As the Pension Fund predicts, the required number of years of experience and the number of points will increase every year, but will stop.

If a citizen does not have the minimum amount of time worked required for a pension, then he can only count on social benefits. A woman is 60 years old, a man is 65.

Video: Minimum work experience to receive a pension

A pension is cash income received by a person regularly (usually once a month). It is paid to persons who have reached retirement age, are disabled or have lost their breadwinner. Each of these types has its own characteristics.

We will talk about pensions for women: at what age can you receive it, how is it calculated, what are the conditions for calculating it, how long you need to work - answers to these and many other questions will be considered.

What is the length of service upon retirement?

Insurance period is the duration of periods of any activity carried out in the Russian Federation. When an insurance pension is assigned, the periods during which funds were contributed to the Pension Fund are taken into account.

Women in Russia retire earlier than men. And this is even despite the fact that their life expectancy is longer, unlike representatives of the stronger half. But in order to receive money due in old age, you must not only be of a certain age, but also have accumulated experience and a specific number of points.

How many years of work does a woman need to retire at 55?

15 years - this will be the length of service starting in 2024(for retirement in Russia?). Until 2015, it was supposed to be only 5 years. According to the new rules for calculating pension payments, the insurance period is taken into account, and not the total length of service.

Reforms are constantly taking place in the legislation, which you need to learn about in a timely manner so as not to deprive yourself of the opportunity to receive earned payments in old age (read about what the length of service should be for women to retire).

To assign payments, a woman:

• must be at least 55 years old;
• have 8 years of insurance experience - this is the minimum value (what should it be for retirement?);
• have 11.4 points in your pension account.

Reference. Anyone in Russia can retire early. This can be done if he worked in an area where conditions are poor, in industries that are hazardous to health.

You can find out how much minimum length of service is required for a pension in Russia.

More about this:

Calculations for Russia

Every year the insurance period increases by one year. And this will be the case until 2024. It turns out that then women will be able to receive a pension if their work experience is at least 15 years.

To make it clearer, just look at a simple example: if in 2017 the length of service is 8 years, then after 7 years - by 2024 - it will be equal to 15 years (8+7=15).

There is such a thing as non-insurance periods. They are included in the insurance period. These are the periods when a woman is on maternity leave, looking after a disabled person, is a member of the Employment Center, lives with her military husband in conditions where there is no opportunity to work (more about whether maternity leave is included for a child’s length of service when calculating a pension, read, and you will learn how it affects the amount of pension payments).

Documents for registration

To apply for a pension, the following documents are required:

1. statement;
2. passport;
3. residence permit - represented by those who do not have Russian citizenship;
4. SNILS;
5. documents on length of service, non-insurance periods;
6. a certificate indicating the average monthly salary for 5 consecutive years;
7. other documents.

REFERENCE. Even if the package of documents is not provided in full, it will still be accepted by the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation. The missing ones will need to be delivered within several months (preferably no more than three).

Anyway, The day of application to the Pension Fund will be considered the one on which the application was submitted. If you bring the documents after 3 months, then the day of application will be the day on which the remaining documents were brought.

Appointment and payment

After the Russian Pension Fund accepts all documents, it will review them within 10 working days. Afterwards, insurance coverage will be established from the day when the person applied to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation for it.

A person receives a pension until the end of his life, once a month. The citizen himself can receive this payment, and he can also issue a power of attorney to a specific person to whom the money will be delivered.

There are several ways to receive a pension:

• The most common - via Russian Post.

  You can receive your pension at your branch at the cash desk or write a statement according to which the postman will personally deliver the payments to the pensioner. This is the category of people who prefer to receive cash in their hands.

• There are those who want the money to come to the current account.
• Through companies that deliver payments. The principle here is the same as that of the Russian Post. Every month on the same date money is delivered to your home.

  Information about such organizations can be obtained from the territorial branch of the Pension Fund. There is all the information about companies carrying out such activities.

Having chosen the appropriate method, you need to contact the Pension Fund and fill out an application. Moreover, you can come there in person or send an application through the Pension Fund website.

In the latter case, you must first register on the resource. Afterwards, you need to fill in all the fields with the necessary information and send the application for consideration.

Video on the topic

In the video, the expert talks about the timing and nuances of retirement, and the calculation of pensions.

Conclusion

The state wants to increase the retirement age. And he wants to do this in the very near future. Some people agree with this, some don't. In any case, everything depends on what decision the Ministry of Finance makes.

Part 2 of Article 8 of the Law on Insurance Pensions already stipulates that to retire in Russia you must have at least 15 years of insurance experience.

But 15 years is not needed right away. The bar increases every year. Until 2015, to apply for a pension, it was enough to have 5 years of experience. In 2015, it was necessary to have at least 6 years of experience. In 2016, it was required to work for 7 years, in 2017 - 8 years, etc. In total, the planned increase will continue until 2024, when the final indicator will be fixed - 15 years.

Table: length of service for retirement by year

Thus, in 2019, a minimum of 10 years of insurance experience is required to retire in old age.

New law

Raising the retirement age is enshrined in Law No. 350-FZ dated October 3, 2018. These and other proposals of the President are enshrined in Law No. 350-FZ dated October 3, 2018. However, the length of service requirements were not increased. Therefore, in 2019, a minimum of 10 years of service will be required to apply for a pension. This applies to men and women.

The pension reform encourages Russians to understand how length of service is taken into account when calculating pensions, what will happen if they do not work a certain minimum of years, and at the same time determine their chances of retiring early.

Types of experience

The length of service for calculating an old-age pension may include slightly different concepts depending on:

1. Positions:
   • State - time spent in the service of the state.
   • Insurance (labor) - labor or other activity accompanied by regular contributions to the Pension Fund.
   • Special - providing the opportunity to retire earlier than the deadline. Its peculiarity is working in industries that are harmful to health, in a debilitating climate, in areas with increased radioactivity.
2. Continuity:
   • General, which includes all periods of labor activity (with regular payment of insurance contributions to the Pension Fund), regardless of the presence and duration of breaks.
   • Continuous, implying the last time period during which the employee worked (in one or more organizations) without breaks (or their duration did not exceed those established by law).

Total length of service is the total duration of periods of work and other socially useful activities before January 1, 2002.

Labor and insurance experience

A citizen’s work experience is the sum of periods of work at all places of work, periods of other socially useful activities and other periods specified in pension and labor legislation (military service, maternity leave, etc.).

The reform of the pension system led to the emergence of a new concept - insurance experience. This is the total period of labor or other activity of a citizen during which insurance contributions were transferred to the Pension Fund of Russia.

Hence the interest in whether the pension depends on length of service or whether only the amount of insurance contributions is now taken into account.

The amount of the insurance pension benefit consists of the sum of the fixed payment and the insurance pension. The latter is determined by the individual number of pension points, depending both on the size of the salary and the period of its receipt - length of service.

The law also establishes a minimum insurance period that allows you to receive an old-age insurance pension.

Service and old age pension

How is length of service calculated?

Having determined whether the length of service affects the amount of the pension, we move on to the procedure for calculating the insurance period.

The insurance pension period, just like the previous work experience, is preserved for able-bodied citizens during special periods. Their list is written out in Art. 12 Federal Law “On Insurance Pensions” No. 400-FZ:

• military or equivalent service;
• periods of care for born children - no more than one and a half years for one child and no more than six years in total;
• time spent caring for a disabled person of the first group, an elderly person (a person over 80 years of age) or a disabled child;
• periods of being registered with the employment service and receiving unemployment benefits;
• the period of residence of the wives of military personnel in areas where employment was impossible, as well as the spouses of diplomatic workers abroad;
• the time of serving the sentence by persons brought to criminal liability unjustifiably.

Work experience before January 1, 2003 is confirmed by documents issued by employers, archival institutions and other organizations that have relevant information about the work and (or) activities of the citizen.

Such documents are a work book, certificates, written employment contracts and agreements with notes on their implementation, civil contracts, certificates on the period of payment of mandatory insurance contributions to the Social Protection Fund of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Republic of Belarus (hereinafter referred to as the Fund) and on the amount of wages (income) from which these contributions are paid - in cases provided for by law.

Provided that contributions to the Pension Fund are paid not less than the minimum fixed amount, the following pension period is accrued:

• individual entrepreneurs;
• notaries, lawyers and other persons who provide themselves with work independently;
• members of farms;
• other citizens mentioned in Art. 13 Federal Law No. 400-FZ.

The work experience accumulated before the pension reform of 2002 is included in the total period of pension service, and points for the specified period are calculated in the order of valorization (revaluation of value) of pension rights. The direct dependence of pensions on length of service is evident here as well.

The insurance period is calculated according to the calendar duration of periods of work or other activity, summing days into months and months into years. An exception is provided in two cases:

1. for seasonal workers in a number of industrial sectors;
2. for those working on water transport during navigation periods.

These citizens are credited with a full year of experience in the calendar year in which the period of work falls.

Watch a video that will tell you how to calculate length of service and pension

Minimum experience

After we figured out that length of service matters when calculating a pension, let’s talk about how many full years of experience you need to have to receive payments from the Pension Fund at retirement age.

Before the 2015 reform, the minimum length of service to receive an insurance pension was 5 years.
Now this figure is increasing by one every year. In 2015 it reached 6 years, in 2016 – 7 years, in 2017 – 8 years.
The gradual increase will end in 2024, when the minimum length of service reaches 15 years.

Pension

There are two types of pension:

1. Insurance. Its value depends on the length of work experience.
2. Social. Accrued in case of absence or insufficient length of service.

Insurance

Officially employed citizens have the right to count on receiving an insurance pension. Currently, it is prescribed when women reach 55 and men reach 60 years of age. Early retirement is possible in case of dismissal due to staff reduction, if the employee has 20 years of experience - for women and 25 - for men. Its size increases according to the years worked. Some periods of time when labor activity was not carried out are also equated to these:

Important information

For each socially significant non-work period, a certain number of pension points is awarded. For example, a year of military service is worth 1.8 points. A year of care for a disabled child, a disabled person of the 1st group and the first healthy child is estimated at the same amount. The second child will bring parents 3.6 points per year, the third and subsequent ones - 5.4 points.

1. Pregnancy and raising children. Each child is allocated 1.5 years (but not more than 6 years in total).
2. Compulsory service in the army, internal affairs bodies.
3. Job search (for persons registered with the Employment Service).
4. Public Works.
5. Serving time in prison (for persons who have undergone rehabilitation).
6. Caring for disabled people of group I, childhood, and people over 80 years old.

These deadlines are taken into account only if there was a period of work immediately before or after them.

Social

The social pension is designed to protect the interests of persons who, due to their physical condition, difficult life situations or unofficial employment, have not acquired the required length of service. If there is no work experience, whether a pension is due depends on the following circumstances:

1. Having citizenship of the Russian Federation or living in the country for 15 years.
2. Turning 60 years old for women and 65 years old for men, with the exception of residents of the Far North. Due to the peculiarities of living in difficult climatic conditions, their retirement age is 50 years old for women, and 55 years old for men.

The pension in the absence of work experience is small, but is of interest to persons entitled to survivor benefits. In this case, it is possible to receive both types of payments, if the second is not related to social benefits and is assigned:

1. To the parents or spouse of a serviceman who died while participating in hostilities.
2. To family members who survived the consequences of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident.
3. Relatives of the deceased astronaut.

Details about work experience and pensions are described in the video.

Size

How the pension is calculated if there is no work experience depends on the base rate, which is 3,626 rubles. However, it is subject to annual indexation, carried out in early April to take into account inflation and the cost of living. In 2020, when recalculating, a coefficient of 1.03 is used, bringing the pension amount to 8,600 rubles. In some regions of the Russian Federation, this coefficient (and, accordingly, the minimum pension without work experience) has a higher value. But this advantage is lost if you move to another region.

The duration of work when paying funds to the Pension Fund does not affect the assignment of a pension. Only general experience is required and the requirements for it vary depending on the category of citizens and the type of pension received.

The size of pension payments cannot be lower than the subsistence level for pensioners. If such a situation arises, the missing amount is accrued as an additional benefit. The specific cost of living is set by regional authorities. In Moscow for 2016 it corresponds to 8528 rubles.
Pension benefits may be increased if:

• presence of dependents;
• reaching 80 years of age.

It is impossible to receive old age and disability pensions at the same time. The latter ceases to be paid from the date of retirement of the disabled person. If the pension amount is less than the disability benefit, the deficiency is compensated by additional payments.

Pension for years of service below the minimum

A citizen whose retirement experience is below the required minimum has the right to receive not an insurance pension, but a social pension, the amount of which is much lower.
If an insurance pension is assigned to men at 60 years old, and women at 55 years old, then the age limit for a social pension is exactly 5 years higher:

• for women – 60 years;
• for men – 65 years.

The amount of the social pension depends on the average salary in the subject of the federation where the elderly citizen lives.

Work experience after January 1, 2003 can be confirmed by individual (personalized) registration data in the state social insurance system. In particular, an extract from the individual personal account of the insured person, issued by the district departments of the Fund.

When a pension is assigned to a specific person (if he is submitted for a pension in the prescribed manner or personally applies for a pension), this extract is requested by the district (city) department (department) for labor, employment and social protection.

How does high length of service increase your pension?

Now let’s look at how work experience affects the size of the pension of a person who has worked not a small number of years, but a large one.
After achieving the minimum length of service, the pension capital, calculated in points, increases due to an additional coefficient.
The points on the account of a citizen who continues to work after reaching retirement age also grow faster.

Please note: in addition to the minimum, the law also provides for a maximum length of service that is taken into account when calculating a pension:

• for women – 40 years;
• for men – 45 years.

Working beyond this period will not increase your pension benefit.

Who is eligible to retire early?

Important information

The work book confirms work experience and is the main document. In the absence of it, as well as in cases where it contains incorrect and inaccurate information or there are no records about individual periods of work, certificates issued on the basis of orders, personal accounts, payroll statements and others can be accepted as confirmation of length of service. documents, written employment contracts and agreements with notes on their implementation.

Having covered the topic of how a pension depends on length of service, it remains to say under what conditions a working citizen has the right to retire early (a man under 60 or a woman under 55).

The grounds for early assignment of an old-age pension are set out in Chapter. 6 Federal Law No. 400-FZ.

Receiving an early pension is provided for persons of two categories:

1. on the basis of labor output of a set duration - for healthcare workers, teachers, rescuers, miners, workers of fishing vessels, etc.;
2. on social grounds - visually impaired and injured during hostilities, mothers of many children, as well as persons with legally established work experience in the Far North or in equivalent areas.

The “Northern” pension is due early:

• at 50 years old for men / at 45 years old for women living in the Far North (FN) and having worked for 25/20 years as commercial hunters, fishermen, and reindeer herders;
• at 50 years of age for women who have given birth to two or more children and have earned 12 years of experience in the RKS or 17 years in equivalent areas;
• at 55/50 years old for men/women with a total experience of 25/20 years, of which 15 years have worked in the RKS or 20 in equivalent areas.

Also, early pension is assigned by the Pension Fund at the proposal of the employment service to persons of pre-retirement age who are registered with it, no earlier than two years before retirement age (Article 32 of the Law “On Employment in the Russian Federation” No. 1032-1 of April 19, 1991 .).

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